Lock



C. SWILENS March 21, l1939.

LOCK

Filed Nov. 17, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 n l u l March A21, 1939.

C, swlLENs LOCK lFiled. Nov. 17, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Mar. 2l, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LOCK Charles Swlens, Chicago, Ill.

Application November 17, 1937, Serial No. 174,985

cylinder type.

The principal object of the invention is the provision of a lock embodying a cylindrical casingV and a cylinder positioned therewithin, the cylinder to contain a plurality of tumblers adapted to engage the casing for locking the lock and for being disengaged therefrom for opening the lock.

A still further object of the present invention is the provision of a lock of the type indicated which would include a key post with a plurality of tumblers to be engaged by the key, and wherein means may be provided whereby the key post may rotate without opening the lock in case a Wrong key is inserted Within the key post for the purpose of unauthorized opening of the lock.

A still further object of the present invention is the provision of a lock embodying a cylindrical casing and a cylinder positioned for rotation therewithin, and a key post having a severable connection with the cylinder, so that when the cylinder is brought to a locked or unlocked position, said key post may become disconnected from the cylinder for further shifting the key post for withdrawing the key therefrom.

A still further object' of the present invention is the provision of a lock which would include a cylinder and a key post jointed thereto by a severable connection, whereby the key post may be rotated. without affecting the cylinder in the event the lock is attempted to be manipulated by a wrong key.

A still further object of the present invention is the provision of a lock of the type indicated which may be adapted to receive a number of attachments, one at a time, through the medium of which the lock may actuate a dead-bolt or latch-bolt for throwing the same into an open o-r locked position, and which dead-bolt or latchbolt is at some distance from the lock proper.

A still further object of the present invention is the provision of a lock which would be substantially pick-proof.

With the above general objects in view and others that will appear as the invention is better understood, the same consists in the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the` accompanying drawings and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings forming a part of this application, and in which like designating characters refer to corresponding parts throughout the several views;

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary elevational view of a door with which the present lock is adapted to co-operate, showing the front end of the lock in elevation, and showing in dotted lines diagrammatically a bolt in engagement with the door frame which bolt is adapted to be actuated by the present lock;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view through the lock, the view having been taken on line 2 2 of y Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a'transverse cross-sectional View on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, with the tumblers in locking position in the lock;

Fig. 4 is a similar view with the tumblers in unlocked position;

Fig. 5 is a, longitudinal cross-sectional view through the lock with tumblers in unlocked position, the view having been taken substantially on line 5 5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view with the tumblers in locking position with the lock, showing the key partially inserted into the lock;

Fig. 7 is a transverse cross-sectional view on line 1 1 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a similar View showing the rotation of the key post without affecting the lock;

Fig. 9 is a perspective elevational view of the key post;

Fig. 10 is a perspective elevational view of substantially one-half of the cylinder;

Fig. 11 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, on a reduced scale, through the cylinder of the lock;

Fig. l2 is a rear end elevational view of the lock;

Fig. 13 is an elevational perspective view of a head co-operating with the present lock;

Fig. 14 is the rear end elevational View of the lock with an attachment axed thereto for opening one type of bolt, latch or the like;

Fig. 15 is a perspective elevational view of the said attachment;

Fig. 16 is a perspective elevational view of one of the tumblers receivable within the cylinder of the lock;

Fig. 17 is a perspective elevational View of another attachment adapted to co-operate with the present lock;

Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional View through the door with the lock therein shown in elevation, 50 illustrating the mode of aiilxing the attachment shown on Fig. 17 to the lock and the mode of its operation for opening another type of bolt, latch or the like;

Fig. 19 is an elevational perspective view of 55 another type of attachment adapted to co-operate with the present lock;

Fig. 20 is a cross-sectional view through the door showing the present lock in elevation therewithin with attachment shown on Fig. 19 in an operative position for actuating another type of a bolt or latch positioned within a casing which may be afxed to the door; and

Fig. 21 is a fragmentary elevational view of the door with the rear end of the lock in elevation, with the casing aforesaid removed.

Referring in detail to the present drawings there is shown a lock including a cylindrical casing 25, having an integrally formed face plate 26 at its front end, which face plate 26 by its rim portion extends beyond the periphery of said casing 25. Integrally formed with the rim portion of said plate 26, and at its rear face is a rearwardly extending pin 21 which may be driven into the door for preventing the rotation of the casing as illustrated in Figs. 18 and 20. At two oppositely disposed points of the outer periphery of said casing 25 the same may be provided with recesses or channels 28 for receiving therewithin screws 25 driven through door 30, which arrangement constitutes an additional means for preventing the rotation of casing 25 within the door.

The rear end of said casing 25 is reduced and is exteriorly threaded as at Sl' for receiving in threaded engagement cap 32.

The lock further includes a key post, best shown in Fig. 9, which includes, at its front end head and flange 34, the latter two being adapted to be received within a correspondingly shaped bore 55 made centrally of face plate 26, said head 33 and flange being receivable within said bore 35 from the rear of cylinder 25, and when once in an operative position, shown in Figs. 2 and 4, said key post cannot be withdrawn from the lock forwardly thereof and through plate 26, because `flange 34 prevents forward shifting movement of said key post.

Integrally formed with said head 33 and rearwardly extending therefrom is a cylindrical spindle generally indicated by 36 in Fig. 9, and which includes a hollowed portion 31 and solid portion 38. Integrally formed with the rear end of said spindle 36 is a collar 39 from which eX- tends ai cam lug 46, the latter being substantially square in transverse cross-section with its corner edges led off or tapered as at 4|.

Made in head 33 is a key slot 42 communicating with the slot in spindle 36 and dened by its portions 31 and 3B. Said slot 42 and spindle 36 are adapted to receive key 43, the same being provided longitudinally and centrally thereof and on one of its faces, with ridge 44, key slot 42 being correspondingly shaped to receive and accommodate said ridge 44 during insertion ci the key thereto, and portion 31 being channelled to receive said ridge 44 therewithin, as is clearly seen in Fig. 4. This arrangement prevents shifting of key 43 on the plane (zo-extensive with the plane of said key, when the same remains within the lock, and also constitutes a guiding means for the key during the insertion thereof into the lock. Said key 43 is provided on both of its edges with a plurality of notches or teeth 45 which are adapted to engage the tumblers hereinafter described.

The cylinder of the lock is best shown in Figs. 10 and 11. A pair of uniformly spaced'cylindrical segmental blocks 46 are connected at their rear end by a head generally indicated by 41. The inner parallel faces of said segmental blocks 46 are provided with alternate grooves 48 which constitute seats for coil springs 49 as is seen in Figs. 3 and 4. One of the ends of said grooves 48 are open through the peripheral portions of said blocks 46 and portions of said segmental blocks 45 at the opposite ends of said grooves 48 constitute seats which limit the movement in that direction of said springs 49. These grooves 45 in each of said segmental blocks 46 are uniformly spaced by solid portions 56 of said blocks, and the width of said spaces between the blocks corresponds to the width of said grooves 4S. Where there is the spacing portion of the block in one of the said blocks 45 at the opposite block 46 there remains a groove 48.

Head 41 of the cylinder is provided with a cross shaped recess 5l which, by its ends defines four uniformly spaced blocks 52 each of which has a sector-like shape on transverse cross-section through said head 41. The central portion of said head 41 adjacent the center of said cross recess 5| is provided with a round opening 53 for receiving therewithin collar 59 of the key post as is clearly seen in Figs. 2, 5 and 6. In the operative association of the key post with the lock the cam lug 46 will remain in the center of said cross recess 5i. A pair of oppositely disposed blocks 52 are provided with a bore' 54 in each, for the purposes hereinafter stated.

Receivable within each end of the cross recess 5i is a box 55, closed at its inner end, but open at its outer end for receiving coil spring 56, which bears against the closed end of said box 55 by one of its ends, while by the other end each yof said coil springs 56 bears. against the adjacent wall. of said head 4l'y and defined by the cross recess 5l. Receivable within, the center of said cross recess 5l and among the four Yboxes 55 is cam lug 49. Normally, through the medium of said boxes 55, springs 56 exert pressure upon the faces of said cam lug 40 for normally maintaining the same in position for normally preventing the rotary movement of the said key post. Co-operating with the lock is head 51, best shown in Fig. 13, which is of an annular shape, with its peripheral side tapered as at 58 to be engaged by a constricted mouth` 59 made centrally in cap 32. Said head 51 at its rear face is provided with a pair of lugs 66 which are insertable within bores 54, by means of which arrangement said head 5l is rigidly sa aixed to the cylinder of the Vlockfand whereby it is adapted to rotate with the cylinder. The outer rear end of said head 51 is provided with an outwardly extending pin 6l, which is positioned adjacent the edge of said outer face of head 51, and is also provided with a threaded bore 62. Centrally thereof said head 51 has a channel 63 for the purpose hereinafter described.

Receivable within the cylinder of the lock is a plurality of tumblers 64, one of which is best shown in Fig. 16. Each of said tumblers is made of flat metallic material and is of the thickness corresponding to the width of grooves 48 and of the spaces between said grooves. Each of said tumblers 64 has an oblong shape, and the width thereof dened by its straight side edges 65 corresponds to the space defined by the inner faces of the segmental blocks 46. The remaining two oppositely disposed edges of each of the tumblers 64 are arcuate as at 66, and in continuation, conform to the peripheral arc of the outer faces of segmental blocks 46, as is clearly seen in Fig. 3. Extending from each arcuate edge 66 of tumblers 64, and from a central point thereof, is lug 61. Extending laterally from each tumbler 64, and

C il

adjacent one termination of the side edge thereof, is shoulder 68. ,Each of said tumblers 64 is further provided with a.v substantially oval opening 69 the longer extent of which is in transverse relation with the tumbler. vSaid opening 69 denes :inoperative rinner edge of the tumbler and an inoperative edge 1lthereof, both in an opposite vrelative, juxtaposition and both in a substantially transverse relation with the tum.- bler. `The v,operative edge 16 and inoperative edge 1l dened by rsaid opening 69, are substantially in parallel relation with respect to the adjacent, `respectiveouter arcuate end edges 66 of `the tumbler. The `operative edge 10 dened by said opening 69 lies at an end in said tumbler 64 opposite to that end from which shoulder 68 extends, v.while the inoperative vedge 1| dened by said opening 69 is at that .end of tumbler 64 from which said shoulder 68 extends.

, All of the tumblers are of like construction hereinabove described, excepting that the position of opening 69 varies in all of the tumblers. In some of said tumblers 64 said opening 69, although of equal dimension, may be in a nearer proximity to one arcuate end edge 66 of the tumbler, while in othersl it may be farther removed therefrom, all depending upon the distance Aof teeth or notches 45 from the center of the key to operate the tumblers, asfwill be later apparent.

Said tumblers 64 in an operative association with the cylinder of the lock, are receivable within the space defined by the ,parallel inner faces of the segmental blocks 46. Although the lock disclosed herein may comprise an unlimited number of tumblers ythelock illustrated in the drawings is shown to contain eight tumblers. Four of the tumblers have their one straight side edges 65 facing grooves 48 with the lshoulders 68 thereof entering the openings rof said grooves or pockets 48 made in one of the said segmental blocks 46, as is seen in Fig. 3. These tumblers will be insertable from one open side of the space dened 'by straight parallel walls of the two segmental blocks 46. In these tumblers the opposite straight edges 65 contact with spaces 56 dened by the opposite segmental blocks 46. The remaining alternate tumblers 64 are receivable into the space `in the lock cylinder dened by the twoinner straight parallel faces of segmental blocks 46 from the opposite end thereof. In these latter tumblers, shoulder 68 will enter the open ends of pockets 48 at points opposite from those within'which the rst named tumblers have entered. The relative alternate position of the two series of tumblers is clearly seen in Figs. 2, 3 and 6.

` From the above description it will be seen that each tumbler 64 is actuated by its spring 49 remaining within pocket 48, said spring bearing against shoulder 68 and urging each tumbler to shift outwardly of the lock cylinder.

` Casing is provided with a pair'of oppositely disposed recesses 12 within which lugs 61 of tumblers 64 are adapted tofit. Said recesses 12 are made onthe inner peripheral side of casing 25 and run the entire length thereof. Figs. 2 and 3 show the lock in a locked position with lugs 61 of tumblers y64, at the end of tumbler adjacent shoulder 68, within one of the recesses 12. Lugs 61 of alternate fourvtumblers 64 are within one recess 12, whereas lugs 61 of the remaining alternate tumblers are within an oppositely disposed recess 12, as is clearly seen in Fig. 2. When in that locked position, of the tumblers it is impossible to rotate the cylinder, including the tumblers, segmental blocks 46, cylinder head 41, and withthe latter head 51. Through the medium of said lugs 61 remaining within oppositely disposed recesses 12, the cylinder of the lock, including the parts thereof last hereinabove mentioned, will remain interlocked with the cylindrical casing 25. There is no rigid permanent interengagement between the key post and the lock cylinder aforesaid. Neither is there any rigid engagement between any edges 16 and 1I of the tumblers` with the spindle 36 of the key post. Thus it is possible to insert a wrong key into the key slot 42 and rotate the key post without in any manner affecting tumblers 64 or disengaging them from the cylindrical casing 25. Also partial insertion of a right key into key slot 42, as shown in Fig. 6, will rotate the key post, but will not unlock the lock. Rotation of the key post will likewise cause the shifting of cam lug 40 which bearing against the closed faces of boxes 55 will cause the depression of coil springs 56. Said springs bearing against the corner edges of cam lug 4|! as shown in Fig. 8, facilitate the assumption of the proper position of cam lug 40 as illustrated in Fig. 1.

Assuming that the tumblers are in a locked position in the lock, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the passage of any key capable for insertion with* in slot 42 will be unobstructed so far as the slot within spindle 36 is concerned, by virtue of the fact that the end edges dened by openings 69 of tumblers 64, are far removed from spindle 36, regardless as to whether the tumblers are in a locking engagement with cylindrical casing 25.

When a proper key has been inserted within the key post, notches or teeth 45 will engage the operative edges 10 of the several tumblers when the key is turned forty-five degrees. Said teeth or notches 45 of the key bearing against operative edges 10 of the several tumblers will shift said tumblers against the tension of coil springs 49 to bring lugs 61 of the tumblers out of recesses 12. When said lugs 61 have been brought out from said recesses 12, further shifting of the key will rotate the entire cylinder mechanism, including said tumblers 64, segmental blocksv 46, and head 41 by virtue of engagement of the key post with said head 41 through the medium of `cam lug 40, boxes and springs 56. When said lugs 61 of the two alternate series of tumblers 64 are out of engagement with the respective recesses 12, and the key is further rotatably shifted, said lugs 61 will ride upon the peripheral inner face of casing 25 as is clearly seen in Fig. 4.

Thus', from the hereinabove description it will be seen that there is a two-fold purpose and action of cam lug 40. First, when an unauthorized person attempts to open the lock without a proper key, having inserted a wrong key and attempting to open the lock, an unauthorized person will naturally revolve the key. With the turning of the key a rotary shifting movement will be im.- parted to the key post including head 35, spindle 36 and cam lug 46. In this case cam lug 46, as it rotates simply serves to depress springs 56, as shown in Fig. 8, to again assume normal position shown in Fig. '1. Thus, in this instance cam lug 46, boxes 55 and springs 56 serve as means to facilitate disengagement Ibetween key post and the cylinder of the lock, without aiecting in any manner the locked engagement between the cylinder and cylindrical casing 25 through the medium of lugs 61 of the tumblers. Second, cam lug 40 and springs 56 serve to positively engage rthekey post with the cylinder of the lock to rotate the latter when the lugs 61 have been shifted by a proper key by imparting pressure thereof at the operative edges 10 of the tumblers for shifting the latter. It is noted that springs 56 exert a suficiently strong `pressure upon four sides of cam lug 40 not only to maintain the engagement of the key post with they lock cylinder for the purpose of rotating the latter Within cylindrical casing 25, but also for the purpose of rotating head 51 and shifting its lug 6I or any one of the attachments hereinafter described for locking or unlocking various bolt or latch devices.

It is further observed that normally, when the tumblers remain in a locking position with respect to the cylindrical casing 25, it is possible to insert the key Within key slot 42 and spindle 3'6 until its inner end will hit the bottom of cam lug 46, as is seen in Fig. 3, the end edges defined by openin-gs 69 in the several tumblers not obstructing in any manner insertion of the key. Immediately upon insertion of the key for the purpose of operating the tumblers the key will assume a transverse relation with respect to the tumblers as is apparent from Fig. 3. On imparting a twist to the key of forty-five degrees, key will assume a longitudinal position with respect to all of the tumblers, its notches or teeth 45 will ride upon the operative edges 15 to shift said tumblers 64 against the tension of springs 49, simultaneously depressing said springs in order to disengage lugs 61 of the tumblers from the respective recesses 12. When said longitudinal po'- siticn of the key with respect to tumblers 61 is maintained, the key being in a strong frictional contact with said operative edges 10' of the tumblers by virtue of the pressure exerted therebetween by springs 49, the key is turned further and thereby the cylinder of the lock is rotated by virtue of the engagement between the key post. and said cylinder through the mediumk of cam lug 40 and springs 56 as hereinabove described, until lugs 61 come in alignment withthe remaining pair of recesses 12. When said lugs have reached that latter position, at that very same point bolt 13 has been fully shifted into the door frame 14 through the medium of engagement thereof by pin 6| upon head 51. When bolt 13 is in that locked engagement with the door frame 14, pin 6| necessarily cannot be further shifted and head 51 cannot be rotated. Further turning of the key at that juncture Will not further rotate the cylinder of the lock, although it will be possible to further rotate the key and key post to bring about the disengage ment of the latter with said cylinder through'the medium of cam lug 46 and springs 56.

This latter operation of the key will cause the disengagement of the key from the operative edges 10 of the several tumblers and the lugs will instantly spring into recesses 12 on the horizontal plane of Fig. 4, bringing about positive locking between the cylinder of the lock and the cylindrical casing 25, springs 49 pressing against shoulder 6B facilitating the shifting of the alternate tumblers into the opposite directions to spring lugs 61 into the horizontal pair of recesses 12 as seen from Fig. 4. Said further shifting of the key last hereinabove mentioned will bring slot 42 as well as the slot within spindle 36 to a transverse relation with the tuinblers and the key may then be withdrawn. From that locked engagement between the lock cylinder and cylindrical casing 25 last hereinabove described, the key is shifted again forty-five degrees, and this shifting will cause rotation of key post and cam lug 40 also forty-five degrees, during which time cam lug 40 will bear against boxes 55 and springs 56 and will pass through the position illustrated in Fig. 8 to assume normal position shown in Fig. 7. The cam action between cam lug 40 and springs 56 also facilitates the bringing of key post or rather the slot within spindle 36"to a transverse position relative to the several tumblers so that theY key may be Withdrawn.

To withdraw bolt 1'3 from door' frame 14 areverse operation from that hereinabove described is resorted to in order to disengage lugs 61' of the tumblers from within a pair of horizontally disposed recesses 12 and to shift thesamey inthe path of vertically disposed recesses 12. For this purpose the key, of course, is inserted as before, and is turned in an opposite direction, simultaneously cam lug 46 is rotated against the tension of springs 56 until key will assume a longitudinal position with respect to the tumblers, that is the position on a horizontal plane running through the pair of horizontal recesses 12 and when said lugs '61 were thus disengaged from said recesses 12 the lock cylinder is rotated intocounterclock- Wise .direction by. virtue ofthe engagement of the key post with the said cylinder through themedium of said cam lug 40 and springs 56 until lugs 61 come into the path of 4thepair of vertical recesses 12. At this point itis assumed that pin 6I has fully shifted bolt 13 intoan unlocked position and out of engagement with door frame 14 and said pin 6`| is incapable ofk further shift# ing. Thus, byV virtue of engagement of said pin 6| with bolt 13 and the cylinder of the lock, the latter may not be further rotated. By continuing further shifting of the vkey for forty-five degrees more the key will Abecome disengaged from 'tumblers 64, lugs 61 will fall into the pair of vertical recesses 12 due to the action of springs 49, and further'shifting of the keywill rotate key post and spindle 36 and revolve cam lug 40 against the tension of'springs 56, until the'key is brought to a horizontal plane andinto a transverse relation with the tumblers, a position shown in Fig. 3, at which moment the key may be withdrawn dueto the lack of engagement thereof with the operative edges 1U of the tumblers.

From the hereinabove description it will he seen that the cam actionl .of cam lug `40 and springs 56has several important objects in view.

It permits positive engagement between the key post and the lock cylinder for rotating the latter when tumblers 64-remain outvof engagement with` casing 25, for the purpose of shifting pin 6I into alocked or unlocked position for shifting bolt 13 intov a locked or unlocked position with relation to the door. It permits readyfdisengagement of the key postfrom. the lock cylinderl for the purpose of rotating the key post independently of the cylinder in order to disengage the key from lthe tumblersior withdrawing the key from the key slot. And nally, it'permits an independent rotation ofthe key post, and this regardless as to Whether the lock remains in a locked or an unlocked position relative to pin 6i and bolt 13. V'l'his last` mentioned action of the cam mechanism renders the lock Wholly unsuitable for the purpose of unauthorized picking or interference. Not only this, `but it vprevents damage of the lock which may readily occur due to attempts of unauthorized opening by a wrong key. Locks in which the kparts are frigid vand stationary when the lock remains in a locked position facilitate to V4a greater degree the unauthorized opening than would rthe present locks facilitate and this being entirely due to the key post which is rotatable under all conditions.

It is further observed that the length of each tumblerv 64 including lugs 61 may either substantially equal to the diameter of the cylindrical casing 25, or may be shorter in length than the diameter so that when lug 61 of tumbler 64 is dislodged from recess 12 by the action of a proper tooth or notch 45 of key 43, the opposite lug '61 will either remain substantially on the plane of the inner periphery of casing 25 or will be at some distance therefrom. In order, therefore, that one single tooth or notch 45 of key 43 may be proper for successfully working upon the operative edge 10 of the respective tumbler 64 for withdrawing lug 61 of tumbler 64, at the opposite end thereof, from recess 12 within which said lug remains, without, at the same time, shifting the opposite lug 61 into'the opposite recess 12, the width of the key at that point, from the axial center' of the key laterally to the termination of said notch or tooth 45, must be such as to equal, in conjunction with Vthe width of the tumbler defined by the center of the operative edge 10 and the outer termination of the adjacent lug 61, the radius of the lock cylinder. This arrangement is clearly seen from Figs. 4 and 5. The point at the edge of the key oppositely disposed to the operative notch or tooth 45 must be considerably reduced by filing so that the opposite inoperative edge 1I defined by opening 69 of the tumbler may preferably not come in contact with the key during the shifting of the tumbler against pressure of spring 49 when the tooth or notch 45 of the key remains in engagement with the operative edge 1D of the tumbler. It is also observed that the operative edges 10 of the tumblers bear against and contact with spindle 36, as is clearly seen in Figs. 2 and 3, when tumbler 64 is in engagement with casing 25 through lug 61. f

f From the hereinabove description it will be seen that the particular combination of the several tumblers, whereby the lock may be operated by a particular key, depends upon the relative placing of openings B9 with respect to the longitudinal center of the lock and longitudinally of each tumbler. The 'placing of opening 69 in each tumbler 64 may be varied, thereby varying the distances between operative edge 1li and the outer termination of the adjacent lug 61 of each tumbler 64, and this variable factor will in turn vary the notches or teeth 45 of the lock so far as the distances of the kouter edges thereof from the axial center of the key are concerned. Measuring the distances defined by the operative' edge lll of each tumbler 64 from the outer termination of the adjacent lug 61 will pre--determine just how long the particular tooth or notch 45 of key 43 should be made in the key blank. Following this example with each tumbler 64 will pre-determine the sizes of all of said teeth or notches 45 upon the key prior to striking them from a key blank.

Since some of the forward notches or teeth 45 of theA key are more deeply cut than the notches or teeth at the rearward end of key 43, it follows that when said key engages all of the tumblers 64 of two alternate series thereof, some of the tumblers may remain in a transverse path of the rearward notches 45, thereby preventing the withdrawal of the key from the lock. It is only at the time when lugs 61 remain within the respective recesses 12 that it is possible to withdraw the key from or to insert the same into the lock, as is clearly seen in Fig. 3.

It should be noted that the complete procedure of locking or unlocking of bolt 13 is pre-determined with the operation of the lock so that the two actions of the said bolt may coincide with lugs 61 of the tumblersv coming into the path vof the two pairs of oppositely -disposed recesses 12, respectively. This timing of bolt 13 with lugs 6'.' coming into the path of one or the other pair of receses 12 should be pre-determined as otherwise lugs 61 may fail to be engaged with cylindrical casing 25 through the medium of said recesses 12 or in other words there may be failure of properly locking the lock.

Since the lock herein disclosed is capable of use in connection with various locking and latching devices and in connection with various objects such as doors, safes, trunks, automobile doors, etc., various attachments may be used in connection with the lock, and the attachments shown in the drawings are for the purposes of illustration and the showing thereof does not contemplate the exclusion of others. In Figs. 14 and 15 there is an attachment embodying a plate 15 having an aperture 16 and a screw opening 11. Said plate 15 is seated over the outer face of head 51, pin (il entering said aperture 1B, screw 18 aiixing said plate 15 to said head 51, said screw 18 passing through screw opening 11 in said plate and enga-ging the head 51 through the medium of threaded bore 62. One end of said plate 15 is farther removed from the center of the lock, as seen in Fig. 14 and carries an outwardly projecting pin 19, the operation of which is similar to the operation of pin 6l in connection with bolt 13. This latter pin 19 being farther removed from the center of the lock cylinder affords a greater throw and is capable of operating a bolt or latch of a varied type requiring a greater throw for shifting the same into an open or locked position. 1

Another attachment is shown in Fig. 17, which consists of an oblong square rod provided with an integral head 8l at one of its ends. This rod 80 is amxed to head 51 by inserting head 8l within channel 53. This is accomplished prior to engaging said head 51 with the lock cylinder through the medium of lugs 60, by inserting said head BI into said chanel 63 laterally of said head 51. Thereupon said head 51 is placed into its operative position in conjunction with the lock cylinder, shown in Figs. 2, 5 and 6, and thereupon cap 32 is applied to the rear end of cylindrical casing 25. The face of constricted mouth 59 prevents shifting of head 8l out of engagement with head 51. This attachment, consisting of said rod 80 is adapted to rotate on a line co-extensvely of the axial center of the lock casing, as is apparent from. Fig. 18. Rod 3D may be of varying lengths depending on the distance of the bolt within casing 82 from the lock proper. This attachment particularly is best adapted for use where the bolt to be controlled by the lock is far removed therefrom, and also in cases where the wall within which the lock is insertable is thicker than the length of the lock, as is clearly seen in Fig. 18.

Another attachment illustrated in Fig. 19 consists of an oblong plate 82 having at one of its ends an integral cylindrical transverse extension 83 which is receivable within channel 63 of head 51. Extension 83 received within said channel 63 with cap 32 in operative position will be incapable of disengagement from the lock, or

more specifically from headin view of the Wall of constricted mouth 59 of cap 32 preventing its. displacement, similarly as in the; case of head. 8| of rod 80. When said plate 82 is in an operative. association with the lock itA is capable of rotary shifting movement on a line co-axial with the longitudinal center of the lock.

As another eXemplii-lcation of. the use of the lock, Fig. shows a bolt or latch casing 84 as being aiiixed to the inner face of door or wall 3U, into which plate 82r is adapted to enter, as indicated by dotted lines, for engaging bolt, latch or any other locking device for actuating the same.

Figs. 20 and 21 illustrate an additional mode of affixing the lock herein disclosedA to a comparatively thick door or wall. This mode contemplates making bore 85 to which the lock, including: casing and cap 32 may be inserted from the front end thereof. Thev rear end of said bore 85 is adapted to receive an annular plate 86A having aninwardly tapered edge as at 81 to enter the correspondingly shaped mouth of said bore 85, by virtue of which arrangement said plate 85 remains countersunk within door or wallv 3l0 vand flushwith its inner face.

Plate 86 isv further provided with a plurality of inwardly tapered openings to form seats for heads 88 of screws 89.V The. other inner ends of screws 89- engage cap 32- and casing 25y through threaded boresk 90.

It is also observed` that while the degree or extent of. shifting of bolt 13- of Fig. l into its locked or unlocked position within the door will be accomplished by rotating the lock cylinder within casing 25 to forty-five degrees, it is obvious that plate 15. having a greater degree of throwr may require rotation of the cylinder within casing 25. toninety degrees. The attachments illustrated in Figs. l'l to 21, both inclusive, may even require one or more revolutions of the cylinder Within casing 25 before they have f ully completed their opera-tion to: bring their respective bolt or latching devices into: an open orl closed position. It is not. important just how many degrees of rotation of the lock cylinder within. casing 25 must be resorted to in order to. bring theV bolt or latching device into its locked' or opened; position', but it.v is important that when the same has been brought, to one or another position lugs 6:1 of the several tumblers shouldv at that particular moment be in alignment. with one or the other pair of recesses 'l2i so; that at: that particular moment no further rotation of the cylinder within.- casi-ng 25 may be required.. but that the further rotary shifting movement of the, key may release tumblers 64` i-n` order to. bring their lugs 61 into recesses 12.. In other wordstwhen the key was brought to the point in its turning at which the same is incapable of further rotating the lock cylinder, and the further pressure, on the key springs the cam mechanism, including cam` lug 48.. and springs 56 to impart an independent rotary movement to the key post, this will signify that the bolt4 or latching device has been completely shifted to its locked or unlocked position and the same cannot be shifted further.

It is obvious that some bolt or latching` device may require less than forty-live degrees of rotation of the. cylinder within, casing 25. In that case one or more additional pairs of recesses l2 may be provided on the peripheral sideof casing 25.

To assemble the several parts of the lock, first, the tumblers are placed in position between the two segmental blocksv 46. Thereupon key post by its camY lug 48 is inserted through the front end of the cylinder and is manipulated until the same passes through all openings 69 of the tumblers. When cam lug 40 remains within the center of the cross recess 5I, springs 56 with their boxes 55 are inserted Within the remaining four portions of said cross opening 5I. Thereupon the cylinder is inserted into casing 25. and through the rear end of the latter, until head; 33 is brought into bore 35. Thereupon head 51 is connected to the rear end of the cylinder by means of lugs 60, and thereupon cap-32 isapplied.

So that the rst spring 49, the one positioned at: the frontmost part of the cylinder may not come directly inv contact with the face plate 26. or withange 34 of head 33 of the key post in the assembledL condition of the lock, as the same thus coming in contact would gradually wear out, a suitable protecting means may be provided such as suitably shaped plate overlying the front end of segmental blocks 46 and inclosing that spring 49v within its respective groove 48. Or, a body portion may be left in the said segmental block 46 to overlie said spring for accomplishing the, said object.

While thereis described herein a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is nevertheless to be. understood that minor changes; may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention as claimed.

What I claim as new is.: n

l. A lock comprising a casing, a cylinder within said casing, a plurality of tumblers Within said cylinder normally engaging said casing, a key post within said cylinder, said key post being adapted to receive a key to engage said tumblers for disengaging the same from said casing, and a severable connection between said key post and said cylinder operable by said key post upon actuation thereof by the key. v

2. A lock comprising a casing, a cylinder within said' casing, a plurality of tumblers Within` said cylinder normally engagingl said casing, a key post within saidv cylinder adapted to receive a key for actuating said tumblers for disengaging the same from said casing, said cylinder being adapted to beV rotated within said casing by the key through thev medium of said key post when said keyy has actuated said tumblers and has disengaged the. same from said casing, and a severable connection, between said key postv and said cylinder for permitting disengagement between said key post and said cylinder for permitting rotation of: sai-dv key post independently of said cyl-- inder when said key has failed to. disengage all of said tumblers from said casing.

3. A lock comprising a casing, a cylinder with in said casing and adapted for rotary movement therewithin, a plurality of tumblers in saidr cyl.- inder normally engaging said casing for maintaining said cylinder against rotationk within said casing, a key post within said cylinder adapted to: receive a key for actuating said' tumblers for disengaging the same 'from said casing for permitting rotation of said cylinder within said casing for bringing said cylinder into a locked or unlocked position, and a severable connection between said key postV and said cylinden, said severable connection permitting continued rotation of said key post within said cylinder and independently thereof when said cylinder has been brought to either locked or unlocked position within said casing.

4. A lock comprising a casing, a cylinderr within said casing, said cylinder being adapted to rotate within said casing into a locked or unlocked position, a plurality of tumblers within said cylinder adapted to normally engage said casing for providing positive engagement between said casing and said cylinder when the latter is either in a locked or unlocked position, a key post within said cylinder provided with a key slot permitting insertion of a key therewithin for engaging said tumblers for actuating the latter out of engagement with said casing, and a severable connection between said key post and said cylinder, said key post being adapted to impart rotary movement rto said cylinder through the medium of said connection when the key is rotated upon the disengagement of said tumbl'ers from said casing, said connection being adapted to disengage said key post from said cylinder when said cylinder was brought to either locked or unlocked position for permitting continued rotation of said key post independently of said cylinder.

5. A lock comprising a casing, a cylinder within said casing, means for engaging said cylinder with said casing when the former remains in a locked position, a key post within said cylinder, and a severable connection between said key post and said cylinder, said key post being adapted to receive a key for actuating said means and for imparting rotary movement to said key post and said cylinder through said severable connection for shifting said cylinder Within said casing to an unlocked position, said connection being adapted to release said key post from said cylinder for permitting continued rotary movement of said key post independently of said cylinder when said cylinder has been brought to a locked or unlock-ed position.

6. In a lock including a casing, a cylinder, a key post adapted to receive a key, a yieldable and severable connection between the key post and the cylinder for permitting rotation of the cylinder within said casing on imparting a rotary movement to the key post by the key to shift the cylinder into a locked or unlocked position Within the casing and for permitting an independent rotary movement of the key post when said cylinder has been brought into a locked position with respect to the casing, comprising a camming device in said cylinder.

7. In a lock including a casing, a cylinder, a key post adapted to receive a key, a yieldable and severable connection between the key post and the cylinder for permitting rotation of the cylinder Within said casing on imparting a rotary movement to the key post by the key to shift the cylinder into a locked or unlocked position Within the casing and for permitting an independent rotary movement of the key post when said cylinder has been brought into a locked position with respect to the casing, comprising a cam lug in said key post and tensioning means in said cylinder disengag'eably contacting with said cam lug.

8. In a lock including a casing, a cylinder and a key post and of the type wherein said cylinder is adapted for rotation within the casing for bringing said cylinder into a locked or unlocked position with respect to the said casing, a disengageable connection between said cylinder and said key post, and means for severing said connection when said cylinder has been brought to a locked position with respect to the casing.

9. A lock comprising a casing, a cylinder Within said casing, means for normally engaging said cylinder with said casing, a key post Within said cylinder, said key post being adapted to receive a key for actuating said means for disengaging said cylinder from said casing, and a severable connection between said key post and said cylinder operable by said key post upon actuation thereof' by the key.

10. A lock comprising a casing, a cylinder within said casing, means for normally engaging said cylinder with said casing, a key post within said cylinder, said key post being adapted to receive a key for actuating said means for disengaging said cylinder from said casing and for rotating said cylinder, and disengageable connecting means between said key post and said cylinder, said connecting means being adapted to disengage for permitting actuation of the key post by the key independently of said cylinder upon actuation of said means by the key.

11. A lock comprising a casing, a cylinder within said casing, means for interlocking said cylinder with said casing, a key post within said cylinder, said key post being adapted to receive a key for actuating said means for disengaging said cylinder from said casing and for relative shifting of said cylinder with respect to said casing, and connecting means between said key post and said cylinder, said connecting means being adapted to disengage for permitting independent shifting of said key post with respect to said cylinder by the key when the key has actuated said interlocking means.

CHARLES SWILENS. 

